Globalization
Chinese Export Controls on Cathode Technology: Why the EU Needs to Enhance Supply Chain Transparency
The EU must increase visibility in lithium iron phosphate cathode technology supply chains, as China controls lithium iron phosphate cathode technology and dominates the battery market. McKinsey estimates that by 2030, Europe and North America will have between 5% and 10% of global battery production. The 2025 battery technology export restrictions impact European energy storage sovereignty. China seeks to maintain its dominance in battery value chains to exploit dependencies.
December 18, 2025