Globalization
United by the Nation
Since 2022, national cohesion in Europe has been crucial in facing the Russian threat and supporting Ukraine, and fiscal pressure and defence spending increases make it difficult to meet social expectations. External actors such as Russia and the United States undermine this cohesion. Strong leadership and comprehensive responses from political elites and civil society, along with good governance and strong institutions, are needed to counter these influences.
December 3, 2025